doi:10.16597/j.cnki.issn.1002-154x.2023.01.010
银杏叶中活性物质提取方法的研究进展
杨洪欣 商宇铠 闫启东∗ 余科杰 许乐 林立鸿 金昌权 沈林丽 林俊豪
(台州职业技术学院 医学与制药工程学院,浙江 台州 318000)
Research Progress on Extraction Methods of Active Substances from Ginkgo Biloba Leaves
Yang Hongxin; Shang Yukai; Yan Qidong∗; Yu Kejie; Xu Le; Lin Lihong; Jin Changquan; Shen Linli; Lin Junhao;
(Department of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Zhejiang Taizhou 318000)
摘要:
银杏叶是银杏纲银杏目下的一种落叶乔木的叶子,银杏叶含有多种生物活性物质,对治疗冠心病、心绞痛和高脂血症有明显的作用。 银杏叶提取物活性成分有很多,主要包含黄酮类化合物、β-羟色胺类内酯以及苷类。 作者综述了银杏叶中不同物质的提取方法,包括超声波辅助酶法、微波辅助提取法、超临界 CO2萃取法以及溶剂热法提取法等;总结归纳了不同提取物质的作用,包括抗氧化、抗病毒、抗炎以及抗肿瘤等;总结银杏叶活性物质提取方法的优点,展望了银杏叶活性物质的应用前景。
关键词：银杏叶；提取方法；活性物质；用途；
Abstract：
Ginkgo biloba leaf is the leaf of a deciduous tree of the order Ginkgo biloba L. . Ginkgo biloba leaf contains a wide range of biologically active substances, which has a significant effect on the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina and hyperlipidemia. There are many kinds of active ingredients in Ginkgo biloba extract, mainly flavonoids, β - serotonin lactones and glycosides. In this review, the extraction methods of different substances in Ginkgo biloba are reviewed, including ultrasonic auxiliary enzyme method, microwave auxiliary extraction method, supercritical CO2 extraction method and solvothermal extraction method. The role of different extracted substances is summarized, which included antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. The advantages of the extraction method of active substances of Ginkgo biloba leaf are summarized, and the application prospects of active substances of Ginkgo biloba leaf are prospected.
Keywords：Ginkgo biloba leaf; extraction method; active substance; use;