doi:10.16597/j.cnki.issn.1002-154x.2023.06.003
藏药雪莲花活性成分的提取与分析
蔺鹏超1 金越波1 李赢1 杨井国1 旦增曲培2* 石刚1*
( 1． 江南大学 化学与材料工程学院，江苏 无锡 214122; 2． 西藏藏医药大学 教务处，西藏 拉萨 850000)
Extraction and Analysis of Active Components from Tibetan Medicine Saussurea Involucrata
Lin Pengchao 1 Jin Yuebo 1 Li Ying 1 Yang Jingguo 1 Danzengqupei 2* Shi Gang 1*
( 1． School of Chemical and Material Engineering，Jiangnan University，Jiangsu Wuxi 214122; 2． Office of Teaching Affairs，Tibetan Medicine University，Xizang Lhasa 850000)
摘要:
目前关于藏药雪莲花成分提取与分析的系统研究较少。作者以单因素实验为基础，系统研究了去离子水回流提取法、乙醇溶液回流提取法、酶辅助水提取法对藏药雪莲花提取率的影响。研究发现，经去离子水回流提取法处 理的藏药雪莲花的提取率始终大于乙醇溶液回流提取法的，其最佳提取条件为回流温度 60 ℃、回流时间 3 h、料液质量比 1:30。同时，酶辅助水提取法具有更温和的提取温度和更短的提取时间。此外，利用液质联用技术对藏药雪莲花进行成分分析，发现其含有较高含量的东莨菪素、芹菜素、绿原酸、咖啡酸、水杨酸、甜菜碱、柠檬酸、葫芦巴碱、芦荟 苦素等，在洗发水中具有潜在的应用价值。
关键词：藏药 雪莲花 去离子水回流提取法 乙醇溶液回流提取法 酶辅助水提取法；
Abstract：
There are few systematic studies on the extraction and analysis of the components of saussurea involucrata up to now． In this experiment，a single factor experiment design was employed to systematically study the effects of deionized water reflux extraction，ethanol reflux extraction and enzyme-assisted water extraction on the extraction yield of saussurea involucrata． It was found that the extraction yield of deionized water reflux extraction was always higher than that of ethanol reflux extraction． The optimum extraction condition for the Saussurea involucrata was determined to be a temperature of 60 ℃，time of 3 h，and a solid-liquid ratio of 1 ∶30． Moreover，enzyme-assisted water extraction needed lower temperature and less time． In addition，we used LC －MS to analyze the components of saussurea involucrata． It was found that it contained high contents of Scopoletin， apigenin， chlorogenic acid，caffeic acid，salicylic acid，betaine，citric acid，trigonelline，and aloesin． It was of latent applied value on the research and development of shampoo．
Keywords：Tibetan medicine; saussurea involucrata; deionized water reflux extraction; ethanol reflux extraction; enzyme-assisted water extraction;